Accountancy and audit firms are particularly vulnerable to spear phishing due to the value of the information their employees have access to. These attacks often target executives or those in financial departments with access to sensitive financial data and services. It often utilizes personal information about the target to increase the chances of success. Spear phishing is a targeted phishing attack that uses personalized emails to trick a specific individual or organization into believing they are legitimate. Compromised streaming service accounts may also be sold on darknet markets. The stolen information or access may be used to steal money, install malware, or spear phish others within the target organization.
The goal of the attacker can vary, with common targets including financial institutions, email and cloud productivity providers, and streaming services. Most attacks are "bulk attacks" that are not targeted and are instead sent in bulk to a wide audience. Phishing attacks, often delivered via email spam, attempt to trick individuals into giving away sensitive information or login credentials. The importance of phishing awareness has increased in both personal and professional settings, with phishing attacks among businesses rising from 72% to 86% from 2017 to 2020. Measures to prevent or reduce the impact of phishing attacks include legislation, user education, public awareness, and technical security measures. It is a variation of fishing and refers to the use of lures to "fish" for sensitive information. The term "phishing" was first recorded in 1995 in the cracking toolkit AOHell, but may have been used earlier in the hacker magazine 2600. As of 2020, it is the most common type of cybercrime, with the FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Centre reporting more incidents of phishing than any other type of computer crime. Phishing attacks have become increasingly sophisticated and often transparently mirror the site being targeted, allowing the attacker to observe everything while the victim is navigating the site, and transverse any additional security boundaries with the victim. Phishing is a form of social engineering where attackers deceive people into revealing sensitive information or installing malware such as ransomware.
Host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS).
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